Women's Peptide Research Hub
Comprehensive research hub for peptides studied in women's health — skin rejuvenation, anti-aging, gut health, immune support, longevity, and reproductive endocrinology. Peer-reviewed citations and mechanisms of action.
Featured Research
In-depth research profiles with mechanisms of action, key findings, and peer-reviewed citations.
Copper Peptide GHK-Cu
Also known as: GHK-Cu, Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine:Copper(II), Copper Tripeptide-1, Linus Pauling Peptide
GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide first identified in human plasma by Loren Pickart in 1973. It is found in blood, saliva, and urine, with plasma levels declining from about 200 ng/mL at age 20 to 80 ng/mL by age 60. The copper ion is essential for its biological activity, as it enables the peptide to serve as a bioavailable copper delivery system. GHK-Cu exerts its biolog...
Quick Facts
Sequence: Gly-His-Lys (with Cu2+ ion)
MW: 403.93 g/mol (copper complex)
CAS: 49557-75-7
Store lyophilized powder at -20C, protected from light. The copper complex is stable but can oxidize; minimize exposure ...
Glow Blend (GHK-Cu / BPC-157 / TB-500)
Also known as: Glow Blend, Regenerative Skin Blend
The Glow Blend combines three peptides with complementary tissue-repair and skin-remodeling mechanisms. GHK-Cu (copper tripeptide-1) is the primary cosmetic-active component, directly stimulating collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis in dermal fibroblasts while modulating matrix metalloproteinases for organized tissue remodeling. Its gene expression effects span over 4,000 genes related to tiss...
Quick Facts
Sequence: Blend - multiple peptide sequences
MW: Blend - varies by component
CAS: Blend - N/A
Store lyophilized powder at -20C. Reconstituted solution should be refrigerated at 2-8C and used within 14-21 days. Prot...
Body Protection Compound-157
Also known as: BPC-157, Pentadecapeptide, PL 14736, PL-10, Bepecin
BPC-157 is a synthetic pentadecapeptide derived from a protective protein found in human gastric juice. Its mechanisms of action are multifaceted and have been studied extensively in over 100 animal studies. A central aspect of its activity involves upregulation of growth factor expression, including VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), EGF (epidermal growth factor), and their receptors. Thi...
Quick Facts
Sequence: Gly-Glu-Pro-Pro-Pro-Gly-Lys-Pro-Ala-Asp-Asp-Ala-Gly-Leu-Val
MW: 1419.53 g/mol
CAS: 137525-51-0
Store lyophilized powder at -20C, protected from light. Reconstituted solution should be refrigerated at 2-8C and used w...
Epithalon (Epitalon)
Also known as: Epithalon, Epithalone, Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly
Epitalon is a synthetic tetrapeptide based on the naturally occurring peptide epithalamin, which is extracted from the pineal gland. Developed by Professor Vladimir Khavinson at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, epitalon is the most extensively studied of the Khavinson peptide bioregulators. Its primary mechanism of action involves activation of telomerase, the enzyme ...
Quick Facts
Sequence: Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly
MW: 390.35 g/mol
CAS: 307297-39-8
Store lyophilized powder at -20C. Reconstituted solution should be refrigerated at 2-8C. As a small tetrapeptide, epital...
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide
Also known as: NAD+, NAD, Coenzyme I
NAD+ is a fundamental coenzyme in cellular energy metabolism, serving as the primary electron carrier in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and as an essential substrate for sirtuins (SIRT1-7), PARPs, and CD38/CD157 enzymes. NAD+ levels decline significantly with age, impairing sirtuin-mediated gene regulation, mitochondrial function, and DNA repair capacity. The 500mg product contains the s...
Quick Facts
Sequence: Non-peptide dinucleotide
MW: 663.43 g/mol
CAS: 53-84-9
Store lyophilized powder at -20C, protected from light and moisture. NAD+ is hygroscopic. Reconstituted solutions should...
KPV (Lysine-Proline-Valine)
Also known as: KPV, Alpha-MSH(11-13), Lys-Pro-Val
KPV is the C-terminal tripeptide (amino acids 11-13) of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH). Despite being the smallest anti-inflammatory fragment of alpha-MSH, KPV retains potent anti-inflammatory activity through a unique mechanism that does not require melanocortin receptor binding. This distinguishes it from full-length alpha-MSH and melanotan peptides, which act through MC1R-MC5R...
Quick Facts
Sequence: Lys-Pro-Val
MW: 342.43 g/mol
CAS: 67727-97-3
Store lyophilized powder at -20C. KPV is a very small tripeptide and is relatively stable. Reconstituted solution at 2-8...
LL-37 (Cathelicidin)
Also known as: LL-37, Cathelicidin, CAP18, hCAP18
LL-37 is the only human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, derived from the C-terminal cleavage of the 18-kDa precursor protein hCAP18 by proteinase 3. It is a 37-amino-acid amphipathic alpha-helical peptide produced by neutrophils, macrophages, epithelial cells, and other cell types as part of the innate immune defense. LL-37's antimicrobial mechanism involves direct membrane disruption of micr...
Quick Facts
Sequence: Leu-Leu-Gly-Asp-Phe-Phe-Arg-Lys-Ser-Lys-Glu-Lys-Ile-Gly-Lys-...
MW: 4493.33 g/mol
CAS: 154947-66-7
Store lyophilized powder at -20C. LL-37 is susceptible to proteolytic degradation; reconstitute in sterile water and sto...
SS-31 (Elamipretide)
Also known as: SS-31, Elamipretide, MTP-131, Bendavia, D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH2
SS-31 (elamipretide) is a synthetic cell-permeable tetrapeptide developed by Hazel Szeto at Weill Cornell Medical College. It is designed to target the inner mitochondrial membrane by selectively binding to cardiolipin, a unique phospholipid found almost exclusively in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Cardiolipin plays a critical structural role in organizing electron transport chain (ETC) comple...
Quick Facts
Sequence: D-Arg-2',6'-dimethyltyrosine-Lys-Phe-NH2
MW: 640.78 g/mol
CAS: 736992-21-5
Store lyophilized powder at -20C. Reconstituted solution should be refrigerated at 2-8C and used within 14 days. SS-31 i...
L-Glutathione (Reduced)
Also known as: GSH, Glutathione, gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine
Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide (gamma-glutamylcysteinylglycine) that serves as the body's most abundant intracellular antioxidant. It is present in millimolar concentrations in virtually all mammalian cells, with particularly high levels in the liver, where it plays a central role in detoxification and xenobiotic metabolism. GSH functions as the primary substrate for glutathione peroxidase (GP...
Quick Facts
Sequence: gamma-Glu-Cys-Gly (tripeptide)
MW: 307.32 g/mol
CAS: 70-18-8
Store lyophilized powder at -20C, protected from light and moisture. Reduced glutathione oxidizes readily; minimize air ...
Kisspeptin-10 (Metastin 45-54)
Also known as: Kisspeptin, Metastin, KP-10, KISS1
Kisspeptin is a neuropeptide product of the KISS1 gene that serves as a critical regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. It was discovered in 2003 by two independent groups (de Roux et al. and Seminara et al.) who identified loss-of-function mutations in the kisspeptin receptor (GPR54/KISS1R) as a cause of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism — failure to undergo puberty due to absent...
Quick Facts
Sequence: Tyr-Asn-Trp-Asn-Ser-Phe-Gly-Leu-Arg-Phe-NH2
MW: 1302.45 g/mol
CAS: 374675-21-5
Store lyophilized powder at -20C. Reconstituted solution should be refrigerated at 2-8C and used within 14 days. Kisspep...
Latest Research Articles
Deep-dive articles from the System Peptides Research Network.
Essential Peptides for Anti-Aging and Longevity Research
The most studied peptides in aging research — Epitalon, NAD+, MOTS-c, GHK-Cu, and SS-31. Mechanisms, evidence levels, an...
Read Article Peptide Deep DiveEpitalon: Telomerase Activation and Longevity Research
Research review of Epitalon (Epithalon) — the synthetic tetrapeptide studied for telomerase activation, pineal gland fun...
Read Article Trending ResearchNAD+ and Longevity: What the Latest Research Shows
A review of NAD+ in aging and longevity research — sirtuin activation, mitochondrial function, and why NAD+ decline is c...
Read Article Peptide Deep DiveWhat Is NAD+? Cellular Energy and Sirtuin Pathway Research
Deep dive into NAD+ — the essential coenzyme for 500+ enzymatic reactions, sirtuin activation, and mitochondrial functio...
Read Article Category RoundupMitochondrial-Targeted Peptides: The Next Research Frontier
MOTS-c, SS-31, and the emerging class of mitochondria-targeted peptides. How they work, what they target, and why mitoch...
Read Article Peptide Deep DiveWhat Is SS-31 (Elamipretide)? Mitochondria-Targeted Peptide Research
Research review of SS-31 — the cardiolipin-stabilizing peptide studied for mitochondrial bioenergetics, cardiac function...
Read Article Research ScienceThe SIRT1-NAD+ Axis: A Key Target in Peptide Longevity Research
How the SIRT1-NAD+ signaling axis connects cellular energy, aging, and peptide interventions like NAD+ supplementation a...
Read Article Trending ResearchPeptide Research Trends to Watch in 2026
The five biggest trends shaping peptide research in 2026 — from GLP-1 agonist evolution to mitochondrial peptides, AI-dr...
Read Article Educational GuideUnderstanding Preclinical vs Clinical Peptide Research
The pipeline from preclinical discovery to clinical trials — what each phase means, why most peptides are preclinical-on...
Read Article Trending ResearchAI and Peptide Discovery: How Machine Learning Is Changing Research
How artificial intelligence is accelerating peptide discovery — from AlphaFold structure prediction to generative sequen...
Read ArticleResearch Applications
Key research categories and applications studied in the scientific literature.
Skin & Anti-Aging
GHK-Cu and Glow Blend research in collagen synthesis, skin remodeling, wound healing, and photoaging reversal.
Longevity & Telomeres
Epitalon and NAD+ research on telomerase activation, sirtuin biology, and cellular aging mechanisms.
Gut Health
BPC-157 and KPV research in gastrointestinal protection, IBD models, and gut-brain axis signaling.
Immune Support
LL-37 and Thymalin research on innate immunity, antimicrobial defense, and immunomodulation.
Mitochondrial Health
SS-31, NAD+, and MOTS-c research on mitochondrial function, cardiolipin protection, and cellular energy.
Reproductive Research
Kisspeptin studies on GnRH regulation, ovulation, fertility, and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about peptides for women research, purity standards, and sourcing.
What peptides are most studied for women's health?
Key peptides in women's health research include GHK-Cu for skin remodeling and collagen synthesis, Epitalon for telomere-related longevity, BPC-157 for gut health, KPV for anti-inflammatory and skin conditions, NAD+ for cellular aging, and Kisspeptin for reproductive endocrinology studies.
What is the Glow Blend and how does it relate to skin research?
The Glow Blend combines GHK-Cu (50mg), BPC-157 (10mg), and TB-500 (10mg). GHK-Cu is one of the most studied copper peptides for skin remodeling and collagen production. Combined with BPC-157's angiogenic properties and TB-500's cell migration effects, the blend targets multiple stages of tissue regeneration in preclinical skin research.
How is Kisspeptin studied in women's reproductive health?
Kisspeptin-10 is a key regulator of GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone), which controls the reproductive hormone cascade. Research investigates its role in puberty onset, ovulation, fertility challenges, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It's considered a master switch for the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.
What makes GHK-Cu significant for anti-aging research?
GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring copper peptide that declines with age. Research shows it stimulates collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis, activates tissue remodeling genes, promotes wound healing, and has anti-inflammatory properties. Over 60 genes related to skin health are upregulated by GHK-Cu in preclinical studies.
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